The realm of science is vast; however, the focus here is on research about consciousness. Modern science began in the 17th century when Galileo, the father of modern science, discovered that the earth revolves around the sun.
Later, Isaac Newton, one of the most influential scientists of all time, published his law of universal gravitation. Both of these men were widely known for their belief in God.
By the nineteenth century, however, mainstream science had become locked into the materialistic paradigm. Materialism maintains that anything that is not material cannot exist. Materialism purports, without evidence, that consciousness is produced by the brain, and when the brain stops functioning, consciousness ceases to exist. Materialism is a false, dogmatic belief system that cannot be proven.